Base oil is an oil that is considered as a base for other lubricants. After adding additives to the base oil, the final lubricant is obtained. Base oils are the most important components of lubricants in terms of volume, and in terms of weight, on average, they make up more than 95% of the formulation of a roller.
Most of the base oil consumed in the world today is obtained from crude oil refining. Since most of the base oil used in the production of lubricants is obtained from petroleum sources, the base oil industry is considered as a part of the petroleum industry. The characteristics of the base oil obtained from the oil depend on the type of crude oil and the refining process. Petroleum base oils inherit their chemical components, both favorable and unfavorable, from the crude oil obtained during the refining process. Since crude oil contains various compounds such as paraffinic, naphthenic, aromatic hydrocarbons, as well as sulfur compounds, base oils are also composed of these compounds. The main components of petroleum-based oils, which also affect the properties of the oil, are paraffinic, naphthenic and aromatic compounds.